Interior lighting assemblies and units that produce natural and courtesy light patterns

ABSTRACT

A dome light assembly that includes a reflective surface facing an interior; a light-diffusing element over the reflective surface having a plurality of corresponding opposed edges and LED sources; and a controller for directing the sources to transmit a plurality of light patterns from the element into the interior based at least in part on a plurality of inputs. Further, each source is configured to direct incident light into the corresponding edge. These light patterns include natural light and other light patterns. The inputs include manual inputs, weather inputs, exterior light sensor inputs, temporal inputs and global positioning system inputs.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation application that claims priority toand the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser.No. 15/171,620, filed on Jun. 2, 2016, entitled “DOME LIGHT ASSEMBLIESAND UNITS THAT PRODUCE NATURAL AND COURTESY LIGHT PATTERNS,” the entiredisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to LED-based interior lightingassemblies with natural and courtesy light pattern-producingcapabilities, particularly such lighting assemblies configured withinthe roof of a vehicle for vehicle-related applications.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Vehicular interior lighting, e.g., dome lights, courtesy lights, glovebox lights, foot-well lights, and other roof and side panel interiorlighting, has generally been realized through the application ofconventional, incandescent lighting sources for the past few decades.Although the light produced from incandescent sources is fairly uniform,it is generally accompanied by relatively high heat levels and lowintensity compared to more modern light sources (e.g., light-emittingdiode, fluorescent, etc.). Further, incandescent light sources haverelatively high energy usage compared to more modern light sources.

In the past decade, light emitting diode (LED) sources have beenemployed in various lighting applications, including vehicularapplications. LED sources possess many advantages over conventionallighting sources including the ability to transmit high intensity lightpatterns and generate low heat upon light transmission with very lowenergy usage. One drawback of LED sources is that the light producedfrom them is directional and can result in high-contrast illumination,shadowing and other undesirable effects associated with highlydirectional light. Consequently, in the context of vehicular interiorlighting, LED sources have been difficult to use given that thedirectional nature of the light output from these sources has led tohigh contrast within the close quarters of the vehicle interior.

Some success has been realized in overcoming the directional nature ofthe light output from LED sources by coupling certain optics to them. Inparticular, near-field lens elements, collimators, light-diffusers andreflectors have been coupled to LED sources to shape their light outputinto uniform patterns approximating those produced by incandescentsources. Unfortunately, many of these solutions require additionalpackaging (e.g., larger overall lighting source dimensions) that cansignificantly add cost; consequently, LED sources are not prevalent invehicular interiors, particularly as replacements to low-cost courtesyand dome lights.

Consumers are also increasingly demanding access to natural lightingwithin vehicles, residences, offices and other interiors. In vehicles,natural lighting that supplements the natural light transmitted throughside windows, windshields, and rear windows is often provided throughsun roofs, moon roofs and other non-traditional windows. Many consumers,however, find significant drawbacks associated with these supplementalnatural light access points including the loss of interior spaceassociated with the motors and elements needed for these natural lightaccess points, maintenance and reliability concerns associated withtheir moving parts, and potential increased water leakage through themupon premature failure of their elements. Another drawback associatedwith moon roofs and sun roofs is that these elements reduce the amountof space available in the roof of the vehicle for dome and courtesylighting.

Accordingly, there is a need for vehicular interior lighting solutionsthat can employ LED sources in a low-cost fashion, with minimalpackaging constraints and at low manufacturing costs. Further, as LEDsources continue to be integrated within the vehicle industry, there isa desire by many consumers for unique lighting aesthetics that cannot beachieved through conventional sources, including supplemental naturallighting for the interior of the vehicle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the present invention is to provide an interior lightingassembly, comprising: a light barrier comprising a metallized reflectivesurface facing an interior; a light-diffusing element over thereflective surface having a plurality of corresponding opposed edges andLED sources; and a controller for directing the sources to transmit anatural light pattern from the element into the interior based at leastin part on an environmental input. Each source is configured to directincident light into the corresponding edge.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an interiorlighting assembly, comprising: a light barrier comprising a metallizedreflective surface facing an interior; a light-diffusing element overthe reflective surface having a plurality of corresponding opposed edgesand LED sources; and a controller for directing the sources to transmitlight patterns from the element at a plurality of locations within theinterior. Each source is configured to direct incident light into thecorresponding edge.

A further aspect of the present invention is to provide an interiorlighting assembly, comprising: a light barrier comprising a metallizedreflective surface facing an interior; a light-diffusing element overthe reflective surface having a plurality of corresponding opposed edgesand LED sources; and a controller for directing the sources to transmita plurality of light patterns from the element into the interior basedat least in part on a plurality of inputs. Each source is configured todirect incident light into the corresponding edge.

These and other aspects, objects, and features of the present inventionwill be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art uponstudying the following specification, claims, and appended drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an end-on, perspective view of a vehicle containing one ormore dome light assemblies according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dome light assembly according to anembodiment;

FIG. 3 is a top-down, schematic plan view of the dome light assemblydepicted in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a light assembly unit employing aplurality of LED sources and a light-diffusing element according to anembodiment;

FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view through the width of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 4;

FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view through the length of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 4;

FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view through the length of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 4 with a pair of facets in itslight-diffusing element according to a further embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a light assembly unit employing aplurality of LED sources and a light-diffusing element with a centralregion having a smaller thickness than its edges according to anembodiment;

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view through the width of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 5;

FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view through the length of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 5;

FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view through the length of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 5 with a pair of facets in itslight-diffusing element according to a further embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a light assembly unit employing aplurality of LED sources and a light-diffusing element with a centralregion having a larger thickness than its edges according to anembodiment;

FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view through the width of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 6;

FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view through the length of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 6; and

FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view through the length of the lightassembly unit depicted in FIG. 6 with a pair of facets in itslight-diffusing element according to a further embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

For purposes of description herein, the terms “upper,” “lower,” “right,”“left,” “rear,” “front,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “interior,”“exterior,” “vehicle forward,” “vehicle rearward” and derivativesthereof shall relate to the invention as oriented in FIGS. 1 and 3.However, the invention may assume various alternative orientations,except where expressly specified to the contrary. Also, the specificdevices and assemblies illustrated in the attached drawings anddescribed in the following specification are simply exemplaryembodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims.Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relatingto the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered aslimiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise.

Certain recitations contained herein refer to a component being“configured” or “adapted to” function in a particular way. In thisrespect, such a component is “configured” or “adapted to” embody aparticular property, or function in a particular manner, where suchrecitations are structural recitations as opposed to recitations ofintended use. More specifically, the references herein to the manner inwhich a component is “configured” or “adapted to” denotes an existingphysical condition of the component and, as such, is to be taken as adefinite recitation of the structural characteristics of the component.

LED signal assemblies are being employed today with great practicaleffect. In the automotive industry, many vehicles now utilize LED-basedlighting assemblies, generally in exterior applications (e.g., daytimerunning lights (DRLs)). Further, these LED-based vehicular assembliescan rely on one or multiple LED light sources, each inherently producinghigh light intensity with small beam angles. Accordingly, many LED-basedlighting assemblies produce “hot spots” of discrete light associatedwith each LED light source.

Similarly, the high-efficiency and intensity aspects of LED sources openup greater possibilities for creating light patterns that mimic naturallighting. Given the small beam angles of LED sources, conventionalapproaches to mimicking natural lighting through the use of LED sourcesgenerally rely on sophisticated optics, lenses and high quantities ofLED light sources. Further, these LED-based approaches to simulatingnatural lighting have been costly.

What has not been previously understood is how to configure and designLED-based vehicular lighting assemblies to produce highly uniform lightfor vehicular interior applications, including dome light assemblies,panel light assemblies and other compact, illuminated assemblies. Asoutlined in this disclosure, dome light assemblies are provided thatemploy LED sources with minimal packaging constraints and at lowmanufacturing costs. These dome light assemblies and similar lightingassemblies can be installed in the interior of vehicles, residences,dwellings and other structures within roof, wall and other panelelements. These light assemblies can produce various courtesy lightingpatterns within the interior of vehicles and other structures housingthese assemblies. Further, these light assemblies and similar lightassemblies in the disclosure can produce natural light patterns withdesirable aesthetics at a relatively low cost to simulate sun light andother ambient lighting exterior to the vehicle or other structurecontaining these light assemblies.

Referring to FIG. 1, a vehicle 1 is depicted with dome light assembly100 as integrated within a roof 200. The dome light assembly 100 can beinstalled within the roof 200 of the vehicle 1 with packaging having asignificantly smaller footprint than other features, e.g., a sun roof ormoon roof, that allow for direct transmission of ambient light from anexterior 3 of the vehicle 1 to its interior 2. According to some aspectsof the disclosure, when the dome light assembly 100 is activated by acontroller 150, it can transmit a diffuse light pattern into theinterior 3 of the vehicle 1 from one or more LED sources of theplurality of LED sources (e.g., LED sources 40 a-40 d as shown in FIG.3) contained within, or otherwise coupled to, the assemblies thatprovide a courtesy light function for one or more occupants of thevehicle 1. The light patterns produced and transmitted from the domelight assembly 100 emanate from the light-diffusing element (e.g.,light-diffusing element 30 as shown in FIG. 4) within the assembliesthemselves. Further, the controller 150 can activate one or more of theLED sources of the light assembly to produce light patterns that aredirected to various regions within the interior 3 of the vehicle 1(e.g., regions 202, 204, 206, 208, 210 and 212 as shown in FIG. 3).

Referring again to FIG. 1, the dome light assembly 100 can alsofunction, in certain aspects, to provide natural light patterns withinthe interior 3 of the vehicle 1 that mimic or otherwise simulate ambientlight on the exterior 2 of the vehicle 1, such as sunlight 300. Moreparticularly, the controller 150 can transmit these natural lightpatterns based at least in part on one or more environmental inputs 160(see also FIGS. 2, 3) to simulate ambient light, such as sunlight 300.In certain embodiments, the controller 150 of the dome light assembly100 can produce these natural light patterns based at least in part onenvironmental inputs 160 obtained from light sensors, such as lightsensors 162, 164 situated at various locations on the exterior 2 of thevehicle 1 that receive direct sunlight patterns 302, 304, respectively.Further, the controller 150 can activate one or more of the LED sources(e.g., LED sources 40 a-40 d as shown in FIG. 3) to direct particularnatural light patterns to various regions within the interior 3 of thevehicle 1 to simulate, for example, direct sunlight patterns 302, 304that fall on various portions of the exterior 2 of the vehicle 1. Forinstance, the controller 150 could increase the intensity of a naturallight pattern emanating from a dome light assembly 100 into theright-hand, front portion 206 (see FIG. 3) of the interior 3 of thevehicle 1 based at least in part on the receipt of a higher intensitydirect sunlight pattern 304 falling on the sensor 164, located on thedriver-side, vehicle rear panel of the vehicle 1. Such a natural lightpattern produced by the dome light assembly 100 would, in effect,simulate the direct sunlight pattern 304 that might otherwise betransmitted into the right-hand, front portion 206 through a sun roof ormoon roof installed in the roof 200 of the vehicle 1.

Still referring to FIG. 1, the dome light assembly 100 can also beconfigured, in certain embodiments, to provide vehicle-related lightpatterns within the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 to signal the driverand/or passengers within the vehicle 1 of certain vehicle-relatedindications. These vehicle-related indications can include collisionwarnings, emergency stop indications, hazard lights, low fuel, low tirepressure, engine warnings, another vehicle or object in a blind spot,another vehicle or object in close proximity to the vehicle, and othervehicle-related signals. More particularly, the controller 150 cantransmit the vehicle-related light patterns based at least in part onone or more vehicular inputs 180 (see FIGS. 2, 3) derived from vehiclesensors arrayed throughout the vehicle 1 and/or signals also received byother indicator elements within the vehicle 1 (e.g., the dashboard).Further, the controller 150 can activate one or more of the LED sources(e.g., LED sources 40 a-40 d as shown in FIG. 4) to direct particularvehicle-related light patterns to various regions within the interior 3of the vehicle 1 for particular signaling effects. For example, thecontroller 150 could activate particular LED sources in the dome lightassembly 100 to indicate to the driver and/or occupants of the vehicle 1that the vehicle is in close proximity to an object closest to one ormore of regions 202, 204, 206, 208, 210 and 212 (see FIG. 3). Inaddition, the vehicle-related light patterns from the dome lightassembly 100 can be configured to augment or otherwise enhance signalindications provided by other elements of the vehicle 1, e.g., indicatorelements in the dashboard. For example, low fuel warnings provided bythe dome light assembly 100 could be configured as a fail-safe mechanismin the event that the driver fails to respond to other low fuelindications provided in the dashboard of the vehicle 1.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, schematic views depict the dome lightassembly 100 of the disclosure in further detail. As shown in thesefigures, dome light assembly 100 includes a light-diffusing element 30having a plurality of LED sources 40 a, 40 b, 40 c and 40 d; and acontroller 150 coupled to the LED sources 40 a-d via wiring 152. TheseLED sources 40 a-d are configured within the light assembly 100 todirect incident light 42 into the light-diffusing element 30. Further,the controller 150 of the assembly 100 can be configured to direct oneor more of the LED sources 40 a-d to transmit light patterns (e.g.,light patterns 44 as shown in FIG. 4 emanating from the light assemblyunit 100′) from the light-diffusing element 30 into the interior 3 ofthe vehicle 1 (see FIG. 1) based at least in part on one or more inputs.It should be understood that these light patterns (e.g., light patterns44 as shown in FIG. 4) are derived from the incident light 42 thatscatters off of, for example, scattering sites 80 located within thelight-diffusing element 30. Further, the inputs of the controller 150include environmental inputs 160, manual inputs 170, vehicle-relatedinputs 180, and user program-related inputs 190. As also shown in FIGS.2 and 3, the controller 150 can be coupled to a power source 154 in someimplementations and, in other aspects, power can be derived from asource within the controller 150 or other component (not shown) withinthe vehicle 1.

With regard to the environmental input 160 coupled to the controller 150of the dome light assembly 100 schematically depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3,in some embodiments the environmental input can be sunlight 300 or otherambient light on the exterior 2 of the vehicle 1 (see FIG. 1). Theenvironmental input 160 can also be sunlight 300 that falls on variousexterior portions of the vehicle 1, as captured by various lightsensors, e.g., light sensors 162, 164, arrayed on various exteriorportions of the vehicle 1. In such implementations, the dome lightassembly 100 can be configured such that its controller 150 directs oneor more of the LED sources 40 a-40 d to direct particular natural lightpatterns to various regions within the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 tosimulate, for example, direct sunlight patterns 302, 304 (see FIG. 1)that fall on various portions of the exterior 2 of the vehicle 1. Forexample, the controller 150 could activate certain of the LED sources 40a-40 d in the dome light assembly 100 to generate incident light 42within the light-diffusing element 30 to produce natural light patterns(e.g., light patterns 44 as shown in FIG. 4) that fall within regions202, 204, 206, 208, 210 and 212 of the vehicle based at least in part onthe environmental input 160. Other environmental inputs 160 that can beemployed by the controller 150 include weather inputs, globalpositioning system (GPS) inputs, time and date inputs (i.e., a temporalinput), and moisture inputs.

With regard to the manual and user-program inputs 170 and 190,respectively, coupled to the dome light assembly 100 schematicallydepicted in FIGS. 2 and 3, these features can be employed at least inpart by the controller 150 to direct one or more of the LED sources 40a-40 d to direct natural light patterns, courtesy light patterns and/orother light patterns (e.g., light patterns 44 as shown in FIG. 4) withinthe interior 3 of the vehicle 1. The manual inputs 170 include buttons,knobs, dials, switches, mobile device touchscreen controls (e.g., via awireless communication protocol with the vehicle 1) and other userinputs that can be manually controlled by occupants of the vehicle 1.The user-program inputs 190 can be accessed via the same buttons, knobsand the like of the user inputs 170 or other controls to store variousprograms and routines as understood by those with ordinary skill in thefield to provide control schemes to the controller 150. For example, thecontroller 150 can activate one or more of the LED sources 40 a-40 d inthe dome light assembly 100 based at least in part on manual and/oruser-program inputs 170 and 190, respectively, to generate incidentlight 42 within the light-diffusing element 30 to produce natural and/orcourtesy light patterns that fall within a selected region or regions202, 204, 206, 208, 210 and 212 of the interior 3 of the vehicle 1.

With regard to the vehicle-related input 180 coupled to the controller150 of the dome light assembly 100 schematically depicted in FIGS. 2 and3, this feature can be employed at least in part by the controller 150to direct one or more of the LED sources 40 a-40 d to directvehicle-related light patterns (e.g., light patterns 44 as shown in FIG.4) within the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 to signal the driver and/orpassengers within the vehicle 1 of certain vehicle-related indications.The vehicle-related inputs 180 include various vehicle indications suchas collision warnings, emergency stop indications, hazard lights, lowfuel, low tire pressure, engine warnings, another vehicle or object in ablind spot, another vehicle or object in close proximity to the vehicle,and other vehicle-related signals derived from the vehicle 1. Moreparticularly, the controller 150 can transmit the vehicle-related lightpatterns based at least in part on one or more vehicular inputs 180derived from vehicle sensors arrayed throughout the vehicle 1 and/orsignals also received by other indicator elements within the vehicle 1(e.g., the dashboard). Further, the controller 150 can activate one ormore of the LED sources 40 a-40 d to direct incident light 42 within thelight-diffusing element 30 that, ultimately, generates particularvehicle-related light patterns to various regions within the interior 3of the vehicle 1 for particular signaling effects. For example, thecontroller 150 could activate certain of the LED sources 40 a-40 d inthe dome light assembly 100 based at least in part on a vehicle-relatedinput 180 to indicate to the driver and/or occupants of the vehicle 1that the vehicle is in close proximity to an object closest to one ormore of regions 202, 204, 206, 208, 210 and 212.

In another embodiment, the controller 150 of a dome light assembly 100could also activate certain of the LED sources 40 a-40 d in the domelight assembly 100 to provide courtesy light patterns to certain of theoccupants in the rear portions of the vehicle 1 based at least in parton both manual and vehicle-related inputs 170 and 180, as depicted inFIGS. 2 and 3. More particularly, the controller 150 could partiallyoverride a user input 170 intended to direct a courtesy light patternthroughout the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 based on a vehicle-relatedinput 180 indicating that the vehicle 1 is in motion. Upon recognizingthat the vehicle 1 is in motion (i.e., based on the vehicle-relatedinput 180), the controller 150 can then direct a courtesy light patternto only occupants in the rear portion of the vehicle (e.g. regions 208,210, 212) to prevent excess glare from the dome light assembly 100 fromreaching the driver in the front portion of the interior 3 of thevehicle 1.

Referring now to FIGS. 4-4C, a light assembly unit 100′ of a dome lightassembly 100 is depicted that includes a light barrier 20 with exteriorand interior-facing surfaces 22 and 24, respectively. When the domelight assembly 100 is installed in the roof of a vehicle, theexterior-facing surface 22 of the barrier 20 can face an exterior of thevehicle (e.g., an exterior 2 of the vehicle 1 as shown in FIG. 1). Theexterior-facing surface 22 of the barrier 20 can also face an exteriorof a fixture, element, or other structure containing the light assemblyunit 100′ of the dome light assembly 100. The interior-facing surface 24of the barrier 20 faces an interior of the structure (e.g., the interior3 of the vehicle 1 as shown in FIG. 1) containing the light assemblyunit 100′. In some aspects of the light assembly unit 100′, the lightbarrier 20 can be a thin substrate derived from a glass, glass-ceramic,polymeric, steel or composite composition. The light barrier 20 istypically affixed at its exterior-facing surface 22 to a roof 200 of thevehicle 1 (FIG. 1) or other panel of the structure housing the lightassembly unit 100′ of the dome light assembly 100. Further, thethickness of the light barrier 20 can range from about 0.0075 mm toabout 5 cm in certain embodiments. In aspects of the light assembly unit100′ in which the light barrier 20 is essentially a thin layer or film,the light barrier 20 can have a thickness from about 0.0075 mm to about0.25 mm. In other embodiments, light barrier 20 is in the form of asubstrate and can range in thickness from about 1 mm to about 5 cm.

As further depicted in FIGS. 4-4C, the light barrier 20 typicallyincludes a reflective, interior-facing surface 24. Further, thereflective, interior-facing surface 24 in such configurations caninclude specular or non-specular (e.g., white matte) surfaces, both ofwhich are intended to reflect incident light 42 from the LED sources 40a-40 d with high efficiency and little absorption. In some embodiments,the reflective interior-facing surface 24 is mirror-like with highspecular reflectivity. For example, the reflective interior-facingsurface 24 can be a highly-reflective coating applied through vacuummetallization (e.g., a vacuum-metallized chromium coating from LeonhardKurz Stiftung & Co. KG (“Kurz”)). Functionally, the interior-facingsurface 24 of the light barrier 20 can serve to reflect incident light42 from the LED sources 40 a-40 d within the light-diffusing element 30.As the interior-facing surface 24 of the light barrier 20 serves toreflect this light within the light-diffusing element 30, little to nolight loss from the LED sources 40 a-40 d occurs through the lightbarrier 20 into the roof 200 or other structure housing the lightassembly unit 100′ and the dome light assembly 100.

Still referring to FIGS. 4-4C, the light assembly unit 100′ of the domelight assembly 100 further includes a light-diffusing element 30 that isarranged over the light barrier 20. More particularly, thelight-diffusing element 30 is disposed over the interior-facing surface24 of the barrier 20. In certain aspects of the assembly unit 100′, theelement 30 is a film, coating or layer deposited directly onto theinterior-facing surface 24 of the light barrier 20. In other preferredaspects, the element 30 is a layer affixed directly to or spaced fromthe light barrier 20. More generally, the light-diffusing element 30 hasan average thickness that can range from about 0.5 mm to 5 mm. As shownin exemplary form in FIGS. 4-4C, the thickness of the light-diffusingelement 30 can be held substantially constant. In other implementationsof the dome light assembly 100, however, the thickness of thelight-diffusing element 30 employed in the light assembly unit 100′ canvary at various locations within the unit 100′ (or in a controlledfashion as shown in light assembly units 100 a, 100 b depicted in FIGS.5-5C and 6-C).

In some aspects, the light-diffusing element 30 includes variousscattering sites 80 randomly dispersed or dispersed according to apredetermined pattern within its thickness. According to one embodiment,the light-diffusing element 30 can be fabricated from an acrylic polymermaterial containing light-diffusing particles as the scattering sites 80(e.g., ACRYLITE® LED acrylic sheet from Evonik Cryo LLC). In otheraspects, the light-diffusing element 30 includes a matrix ofsubstantially transparent polymeric, glass or glass-polymeric materialcontaining other scattering sites 80 (e.g., voids). These scatteringsites 80 can be of similar size, or dissimilar sizes, and atconcentrations sufficient to scatter incident light 42 from one or moreLED sources 40 a-40 d within the light-diffusing element 30.

As also depicted in FIGS. 4-4C, the light-diffusing element 30 can beconfigured in a rectangular shape. More particularly, the element 30includes first and second opposed edges 36 a and 36 c and third andfourth opposed edges 36 b and 36 d, respectively. Further, the lightassembly unit 100′ includes one or more LED sources 40 a, 40 b, 40 c and40 d configured to direct incident light 42 into corresponding opposededges 36 a, 36 b, 36 c and 36 d, respectively. The incident light 42travels within the light-diffusing element 30 and scatters off of thescattering sites 80 contained within the element 30. Further, varioustypes of LEDs are suitable for use as the LED sources 40 a-40 dincluding, but not limited to, top-emitting LEDs, side-emitting LEDs,and others. The scattered light, which originated from the LED sources40 a-40 d, then exits the light-diffusing element 30 as a scatteredlight pattern 44 into the interior 3 of the structure containing thelight assembly unit 100′ through the bottom face of the light-diffusingelement 30.

Referring again to FIGS. 4-4C, the light-diffusing element 30 can befurther defined by a tapered profile in certain embodiments. In certainaspects, the thickness at the first opposed edge 36 a of the element 30is greater than the thickness at the second opposed edge 36 c.Consequently, the thickness of light-diffusing element 30 decreases orotherwise tapers according to a continuous or substantially continuousand constant fashion from the first opposed edge 36 a to the secondopposed edge 36 c. The tapered nature of the light-diffusing element 30serves to significantly improve the uniformity of the scattered lightpattern 44 that emanates from the element 30 between the first andsecond opposed edges 36 a, 36 c. The smaller thickness of the element 30at the second opposed edge 36 c away from the LED sources 40 a (i.e., ascompared to the thickness at the first opposed edge 36 a) serves tooffset the higher degree of light loss associated with the incidentlight 42 at this location compared to other locations within the element30. That is, light loss associated with the incident light 42 increasesas a function of distance from the LED sources 40 a-40 d within thelight-diffusing element 30, assuming a constant thickness of the element30. By reducing the thickness of the element 30 along this same path,the degree of light loss can be offset by the thickness reduction,leading to improved uniformity in the scattered light pattern 44 thatemanates from the light-diffusing element 30 into the interior 3 of thestructure containing the light assembly unit 100′. It should also beunderstood that the same approach as outlined in the foregoing can beapplied to the third and fourth opposed edges 36 b and 36 d,respectively.

Again referring to FIGS. 4-4C, other aspects of the light assembly unit100′ include a light-diffusing element 30 having a non-continuous ornon-constantly changing profile in which the thickness at the firstopposed edge 36 a is greater than the thickness at the second opposededge 36 c. For example, in one embodiment, the thickness of the element30 changes in a stepped function between the first and second opposededges 36 a, 36 c. In another embodiment, the thickness of the element 30continuously changes according to a non-linear function between thefirst and second opposed edges 36 a, 36 c.

In other aspects of the light assembly unit 100′, the thickness of thelight-diffusing element 30 can be varied in more than one direction awayfrom the LED sources 40 a-40 d to obtain a particular light-scatteringpattern 44 that emanates from the light-diffusing element 30 into theinterior 3 of the structure containing the unit 100′ (along with a domelight assembly 100 housing the unit 100′). For example, an applicationmay require more light transmitted toward the rear of the vehicle 1relative to the location of the light assembly unit 100′ employed in theroof 200 (see FIG. 1) to ensure that the rear passengers (e.g., aslocated in rear portions 208, 210, 212 as shown in FIG. 3) haveappropriate lighting without disrupting the driver of the vehicle. Oneapproach to ensuring that the light assembly unit 100′ produces such ascattered pattern 44 is to increase the thickness of the portion of theelement 30 in the vehicle forward direction relative to the portion ofthe element in the vehicle rearward direction in which the LED source ismounted on an edge of the element on the passenger or driver side of thevehicle. That is, the larger thickness of the element 30 in the vehicleforward direction tends to lead to more light loss in the vehicleforward portion of the element 30, resulting in more light intensity inthe scattered light pattern 44 that emanates from the element 30 in thevehicle rearward direction.

Still referring to FIGS. 4-4C, the light-diffusing element 30 of thelight assembly unit 100′ can further include a protective film 50disposed over the surface of the element 30. The protective film 50 hasan interior-facing surface 28 facing the interior 3 of the structurecontaining the unit 100′ and an exterior-facing surface 26 facing thelight-diffusing element 30. Preferably, the protective film 50 has highoptical clarity with substantial transparency. For example, theprotective film 50 can include a scratch-resistant film (e.g., afluorosilane coating) that is deposited directly onto thelight-diffusing element 30.

Referring again to FIGS. 4-4C, the light assembly unit 100′ canadditionally be configured with edge seals 70 that are configured toseal the edges 36 a, 36 b, 36 c and 36 d of the light-diffusing element30, light barrier 20 and protective film 50 (if present). In someaspects, the seal 70 is a thermoset, polymeric material that can beapplied with a relatively low viscosity to seal these features (e.g.,the light barrier 20, light-diffusing element 30 and protective film 50)before curing. In other aspects of the light assembly unit 100′, theseal 70 is a thermosplastic material that is applied with a relativelylow viscosity at an elevated temperature and cooled to seal thesefeatures. In certain embodiments, the seal 70 can be formed over thesefeatures of the light assembly unit 100′ to provide a hermetic andcorrosion-resistant seal over them.

Referring again to FIGS. 4-4C, the light assembly unit 100′ is providedthat includes, among other features, a plurality of LED sources 40 a, 40b, 40 c and 40 d that are configured along the corresponding edges 36 a,36 b, 36 c and 36 d, respectively. In certain embodiments of the lightassembly unit 100′, the LED sources 40 a-40 d are spaced equally fromone another along each of the respective edges 36 a-36 d. In otheraspects of the light assembly unit 100′, the LED sources 40 a-40 d arespaced with non-constant dimensions. For example, more LED sources 40 aon a first opposed edge 36 a could be concentrated toward a thirdopposed edge 36 c in the vehicle rearward direction to increase theextent of the scattered light pattern 44 in the vehicle rearwarddirection to better encompass the rear passengers in a vehiclecontaining a dome light assembly 100 having such a light assembly unit100′. Accordingly, the light assembly unit 100′ can employ variousquantities and combinations of LED sources 40 a, 40 b, 40 c and 40 d andspacings for these sources, depending on the dimensions of the edges 36a, 36 b, 36 c and 36 d, along with other considerations regarding thedesired location(s) of the scattered light 44 that emanates from theunit 100′ into the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 or other structurehousing the unit 100′.

With further regard to the light assembly unit 100′ depicted inexemplary fashion in FIGS. 4-4C, the shape factor of the variouscomponents of the unit 100′ can change depending on the application forthe unit 100′ and the light assembly 100 that incorporates the unit100′. For example, the light assembly unit 100′ could take on acircular, elliptical, triangular, rhombohedral, or another irregularshape. Accordingly, certain implementations of the light assembly unit100′ will have a plurality of LED sources (e.g., LED sources 40 a, 40 b,40 c, 40 d, etc.) along the edge(s) of any such shapes. In otheraspects, the LED sources 40 a, 40 b, 40 c and/or 40 d could be mountedin proximity to the edges of such shapes without touching them (e.g.,hide them from view within the structure of a roof 200 in a vehicle 1 asshown in FIG. 1).

Referring now to FIG. 4C, the light assembly unit 100′ in certainembodiments can include a light-diffusing element 30 with one or moretapered facets 60 cut at a tapered cut angle 62 with respect to thelight barrier 20. These facets 60 can be installed within thelight-diffusing element 30 to further control incident light 42 from theplurality of LED sources 40 a-40 d (see also FIG. 4). In certainaspects, the facets 60 are simple cuts made through the light-diffusingelement 30 to change the local index of refraction within the element atthe location of the facet. In particular, the facets 60 can preventincident light 42 emanating from a set of LED sources, e.g., sources 40b,d from reaching across the complete element 30. For example, incidentlight 42 from LED source 40 b directed at an edge 36 b that emanatesthrough the light-diffusing element 30 without scattering off of thescattering sites 80 (see FIG. 4B) can be directed away from the opposingedge 36 d by reflecting off of the tapered facets 60. In certainembodiments, the tapered facets 60 are installed at a tapered cut angle62 that ranges from 0 to 90 degrees (e.g., as including a vertical and ahorizontal facet 60), preferably from 30 to 60 degrees, and even morepreferably, between 40 and 50 degrees. In other implementations, thetapered facets 60 are configured to span less than the full thickness ofthe light-diffusing element 30, particularly for embodiments in which atleast some incident light 42 is intended to scatter across the fullwidth and/or length of the element 30.

Now referring to FIGS. 5-5C, a light assembly unit 100 a is providedthat includes a light barrier 20 having a reflective interior-facing andan exterior-facing surface 24, 22, respectively. The light assembly unit100 a further includes a light-diffusing element 30 over the barrier 20having first and second opposed edges 36 a, 36 c, along with third andfourth opposed edges 36 b, 36 d. In addition, the light assembly unit100 a includes a plurality of LED sources 40 a-40 d configured to directincident light 42 into the opposed edges 36 a-36 d. The light assemblyunit 100 a is similar to the light assembly unit 100′ shown in FIGS.4-4C and like-numbered elements have the same or similar functions andstructures. The primary difference between the unit 100 a and the lightassembly 100′ (see FIGS. 4-4C) is that the light assembly unit 100 a hasa tapered light-diffusing element 30 with a central region having athickness that is smaller than the thickness of the edges 36 a, 36 b, 36c and 36 d of the element 30. As such, each cross-section of the lightassembly unit 100 a shows that the thickness of the light-diffusingelement 30 at the center point between the opposed edges 36 a and 36 c(FIG. 5A) and the center point between the opposed edges 36 b and 36 d(FIG. 5B) is smaller than the thickness of the element 30 at theseedges.

Referring again to FIGS. 5-5C, an advantage of this configuration of thelight assembly unit 100 a is that it can be employed in a dome lightassembly 100 (see FIGS. 1-3) to provide highly uniform light throughoutthe interior 3 of the vehicle 1. This capability is particularlyadvantageous for embodiments of the dome light assembly 100 that areconfigured to generally produce natural light patterns (e.g., lightpatterns 44) in the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 and/or produce suchlight patterns over particular region(s) of the vehicle (e.g., regions202, 204, etc., as shown in FIG. 3). The smaller thickness of thelight-diffusing element 30 at a central point away from each of theopposed edges 36 a, 36 b, 36 c and 36 d (i.e., as compared to thethickness of the element 30 at each of the opposed edges 36 a-36 d)serves to offset the higher degree of light loss associated with theincident light 42 at this location compared to other locations withinthe element 30. That is, light loss associated with the incident light42 increases as a function of distance from the LED sources 40 a-40 dwithin the light-diffusing element 30, assuming a constant thickness ofthe element 30. By reducing the thickness of the element 30 along thissame path toward the center point or central region of the element 30,the degree of light loss can be offset by the thickness reduction,leading to improved uniformity in the scattered light pattern 44 thatemanates from the light-diffusing element 30 into the interior 3 of thestructure containing the light assembly unit 100 a.

Now referring to FIGS. 6-6C, a light assembly unit 100 b is providedthat includes a light barrier 20 having a reflective interior-facing andan exterior-facing surface 24, 22, respectively. The light assembly unit100 b further includes a light-diffusing element 30 over the barrier 20having first and second opposed edges 36 a, 36 c, along with third andfourth opposed edges 36 b, 36 d. In addition, the light assembly unit100 b includes a plurality of LED sources 40 a-40 d configured to directincident light 42 into the opposed edges 36 a-36 d. The light assemblyunit 100 b is similar to the light assembly unit 100′ shown in FIGS.4-4C and like-numbered elements have the same or similar functions andstructures. The primary difference between the unit 100 b and the lightassembly 100′ (see FIGS. 4-4C) is that the light assembly unit 100 b hasa tapered light-diffusing element 30 with a central region having athickness that is larger than the thickness of the edges 36 a, 36 b, 36c and 36 d of the element 30. As such, each cross-section of the lightassembly unit 100 b shows that the thickness of the light-diffusingelement 30 at the center point between the opposed edges 36 a and 36 c(FIG. 6A) and the center point between the opposed edges 36 b and 36 d(FIG. 6B) is larger than the thickness of the element 30 at these edges.

Referring again to FIGS. 6-6C, an advantage of this configuration of thelight assembly unit 100 b is that it can be employed in a dome lightassembly 100 (see FIGS. 1-3) to provide more directional light away fromthe region immediately beneath the assembly 100 in the interior 3 of thevehicle 1. This capability is particularly advantageous for embodimentsof the dome light assembly 100 that are configured to produce courtesylight patterns over particular region(s) of the vehicle (e.g., regions202, 204, etc., as shown in FIG. 3). The larger thickness of thelight-diffusing element 30 at a central point away from each of theopposed edges 36 a, 36 b, 36 c and 36 d (i.e., as compared to thethickness of the element 30 at each of the opposed edges 36 a-36 d)serves to enhance the higher degree of light loss associated with theincident light 42 at this location compared to other locations withinthe element 30. That is, light loss associated with the incident light42 increases as a function of distance from the LED sources 40 a-40 dwithin the light-diffusing element 30, assuming a constant thickness ofthe element 30. By increasing the thickness of the element 30 along thissame path toward the center point or central region of the element 30,the degree of light loss can be enhanced by the thickness increase,leading to increased intensity in the scattered light pattern 44 thatemanates from the light-diffusing element 30 into the interior 3 of thestructure containing the light assembly unit 100 b toward variousregions within the interior 3 of the vehicle away from a region directlybeneath the dome light assembly 100 containing such a unit 100 b.

Dome light assemblies 100 (see FIGS. 1-3) containing light assemblyunits 100′, 100 a and 100 b (see FIGS. 4-6C) can also possess outercurvature or other exterior shape factors in addition to a flat,parallel outer surface. When these light assemblies 100 possess suchcurvature, each of the features of the assembly typically exhibit thesame or similar curvature (e.g., light barrier 20, light-diffusingelement 30, etc.). For example, a dome light assembly 100 can beintegrated within a vehicle (e.g., vehicle 1 as depicted in FIG. 1) andconfigured with a curvature to match the exterior curvature of thevehicle at the location of the roof 200 (see FIG. 1), rear passengerside panels, or other location in the interior 3 of the vehicle housingthe assembly 100.

According to certain aspects of the dome light assemblies 100 (see FIGS.1-3) containing light assembly units 100′, 100 a and 100 b (see FIGS.4-6C), one or more edges of the light-diffusing element 30 can beconfigured with highly reflective, specular surfaces, coatings ortreatments in a direction or directions facing one or more LED source orsources 40 a-40 d. That is, edges of the light-diffusing element 30facing an LED source or sources 40 a-40 d can be configured with thesereflective surfaces or treatments to ensure that light loss of incidentlight 42 from the LED source or sources 40 a-40 d is minimized throughtheses edges to further maximize the intensity and uniformity of thescattered light pattern 44.

Other embodiments of the dome light assemblies 100 (see FIGS. 1-3)containing light assembly units 100′, 100 a and 100 b (see FIGS. 4-6C)are configured with various positional relationships between the LEDsources 40 a-40 d and the edges 36 a-36 d of the light-diffusing element30. Depending on the type of LED source employed for the LED source orsources 40 a-40 d, the incident light 42 can vary in terms of its spreador beam angle. Preferably, the distance between the LED sources 40 a-40d is minimized to ensure that all or most of the incident light 42enters the light-diffusing element 30 with minimal loss above and/orbelow the element 30. Nevertheless, other embodiments of the dome lightassemblies 100 can be configured with a finite spacing between the LEDsources 40 a-40 d and edges 36 a-36 d of the light-diffusing element 30to minimize internal reflection of the incident light 42 off of theinterior-facing surface 24 of the light barrier 20 to reduce light loss(and thus increase efficiency).

Referring again to dome light assemblies 100 (see FIGS. 1-3) containinglight assembly units 100′, 100 a and 100 b (see FIGS. 4-6C), theseassemblies can be fabricated according to various methods and sequences.In one exemplary method, a light barrier (e.g., a vacuum-metallized filmfrom Kurz serving as a light barrier 20) is formed with a vacuummetallization process within a mold, and then a light-diffusing element(e.g., a light-diffusing element 30 fabricated from an ACRYLITE® LEDmaterial) is insert-molded onto the barrier. After the light barrier andlight-diffusing element are joined, an optical protective coating (e.g.,a silane-based optical, scratch-resistant coating or film) can beapplied to the interior-facing side of the light-diffusing element.Next, the substrate, light barrier and light-diffusing element can besealed at the edges of the assembly with a silicone overmold or othertype of sealing material. Upon completion of the sealing step, thecompleted dome light assembly 100 can be installed into a structure,vehicle (e.g., within the roof 200 of the vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1), orother device, depending on its intended application.

According to another aspect of the dome light assemblies 100 (see FIGS.1-3) containing light assembly units 100′, 100 a and 100 b (see FIGS.4-6C), the assembly can be configured to produce scattered lightpatterns 44 that extend outward to the exterior 2 of the vehicle 1 inproximity to its doors for a puddle or approach lighting-typefunctionality. For example, the controller 150 (FIGS. 1-3) can beconfigured to direct one or more of the LED sources 40 a-40 d totransmit scattered light patterns 44 from the light-diffusing element 30into one or more regions of the interior 3 of the vehicle 1 (e.g.,regions 202, 206, 208 and 212 adjacent to the doors of the vehicle asshown in FIG. 3) upon the opening of one or more doors of the vehicle 1.Such information can be conveyed to the controller 150 as avehicle-related input 180 (FIG. 2) through conventional door sensorsthat are employed in vehicles. Based on the configuration of thelight-diffusing element 30 (e.g., degree of tapering), the presence offacets 60 (FIGS. 5C and 6C), and location and quantity of the LEDsources 40 a-40 d, the scattered light pattern 44 produced by the domelight assembly 100 can extend to the exterior 2 of the vehicle throughthe opening in the vehicle that results from one or more doors existingin an open position. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the domelight assembly 100 configured for a puddle or approach lighting-typefunctionality can employ the light assembly unit 100 b (see FIGS. 6-6C).More particularly, the light assembly unit 100 b can enhance theintensity of the scattered light pattern 44 directed away from a regionimmediately beneath the dome light assembly 100 and out into theexterior 2 of the vehicle 1 upon the opening of one or more doors of thevehicle.

Variations and modifications can be made to the aforementionedstructures without departing from the concepts of the presentdisclosure. For example, the dome light assemblies 100 and lightassembly units 100′, 100 a and 100 b of the disclosure are not limitedto traditional vehicular dome light applications. These assemblies couldbe installed within a panel or roof feature of a vehicle or otherstructure having an interior with the same or similar elements havingthe same or similar functions. That is, these dome light assemblies andlight assembly units can be installed in a dwelling, building or otherenclosure to provide natural and/or courtesy lighting typefunctionality. The inputs to the controller in such configurations maychange, depending on the application, but the essential concepts ofthese dome light assemblies and light assembly units can be translated.For example, such light assemblies and units can be installed in a wallpanel of a dwelling and can be configured to generate courtesy and/ornatural light patterns based on manual inputs from occupants inside thedwelling and/or light sensors installed on the exterior of the dwelling.Such embodiments, and other embodiments understood by those with skillin the field within the scope of the disclosure, are intended to becovered by the following claims unless these claims by their languageexpressly state otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. An interior lighting assembly, comprising: alight barrier comprising a metallized reflective surface facing aninterior; a light-diffusing element over the reflective surface having aplurality of corresponding opposed edges and LED sources; and acontroller for directing the sources to transmit a natural light patternfrom the element into the interior based at least in part on anenvironmental input, wherein each source is configured to directincident light into the corresponding edge.
 2. The lighting assemblyaccording to claim 1, wherein the light-diffusing element comprises anacrylic polymer matrix and light-diffusing particles.
 3. The lightingassembly according to claim 2, wherein the interior is an interior of anenclosure, and further wherein the assembly is configured for mountingto a roof in the interior of the enclosure.
 4. The lighting assemblyaccording to claim 3, wherein the environmental input is ambient lightfrom the sun on the exterior of the enclosure.
 5. The lighting assemblyaccording to claim 3, wherein the environmental input is ambient lightfrom the sun on portions of the exterior of the enclosure, and furtherwherein the controller directs the sources to transmit natural lightpatterns from the element into a plurality of locations within theinterior based at least in part on the input.
 6. The lighting assemblyaccording to claim 1, wherein the environmental input is selected fromthe group consisting of a moisture input, a weather input, an exteriorlight sensor input, a temporal input and a global positioning systeminput.
 7. The lighting assembly according to claim 1, wherein the lightbarrier comprises a thickness from about 0.0075 mm to about 0.25 mm, andfurther wherein the reflective surface is a vacuum-metallized chromiumcoating.
 8. An interior lighting assembly, comprising: a light barriercomprising a metallized reflective surface facing an interior; alight-diffusing element over the reflective surface having a pluralityof corresponding opposed edges and LED sources; and a controller fordirecting the sources to transmit light patterns from the element at aplurality of locations within the interior, wherein each source isconfigured to direct incident light into the corresponding edge.
 9. Thelighting assembly according to claim 8, wherein the light-diffusingelement comprises an acrylic polymer matrix and light-diffusingparticles.
 10. The lighting assembly according to claim 9, wherein theinterior is an interior of an enclosure, and further wherein theassembly is configured for mounting to a roof in the interior of theenclosure.
 11. The lighting assembly according to claim 10, wherein thecontroller transmits light patterns from the element into a plurality oflocations within the interior of the enclosure based at least in part ona manual input.
 12. The lighting assembly according to claim 10, whereinthe thickness of the light-diffusing element is tapered across theelement between the opposed edges.
 13. The lighting assembly accordingto claim 12, wherein the thickness of the element at a central locationbetween each of the opposed edges is greater than the thickness of theelement at each of the opposed edges.
 14. The lighting assemblyaccording to claim 8, wherein the light barrier comprises a thicknessfrom about 0.0075 mm to about 0.25 mm, and further wherein thereflective surface is a vacuum-metallized chromium coating.
 15. Aninterior lighting assembly, comprising: a light barrier comprising ametallized reflective surface facing an interior; a light-diffusingelement over the reflective surface having a plurality of correspondingopposed edges and LED sources; and a controller for directing thesources to transmit a plurality of light patterns from the element intothe interior based at least in part on a plurality of inputs, whereineach source is configured to direct incident light into thecorresponding edge.
 16. The lighting assembly according to claim 15,wherein the light-diffusing element comprises an acrylic polymer matrixand light-diffusing particles.
 17. The lighting assembly according toclaim 16, wherein the interior is an interior of an enclosure, andfurther wherein the assembly is configured for mounting to a roof in theinterior of the enclosure.
 18. The lighting assembly according to claim17, wherein the plurality of inputs comprises ambient light from the sunon the exterior of the enclosure, and further wherein the plurality oflight patterns comprises a natural light pattern.
 19. The lightingassembly according to claim 17, wherein the thickness of thelight-diffusing element is tapered across the element between theopposed edges.
 20. The lighting assembly according to claim 19, whereinthe thickness of the element at a central location between each of theopposed edges is smaller than the thickness of the element at each ofthe opposed edges.